In a small bowl mix together garlic, chili powder, cumin, coriander, sugar, and salt. Heat oil in a Dutch oven over medium-high heat. Sprinkle the meat with salt. Add the meat to the Dutch oven and cook until browned on both sides, about 6 to 8 minutes. Remove the meat to a plate.
Reduce the heat to medium, add the onions to the pot and cook until they are golden brown, about 5 minutes. Stir in the garlic mixture and cook until fragrant, about 1 minute. Add the tomato sauce and water and bring to a boil. Return the meat and any accumulated juices to the pot. Cover, reduce the heat to low and simmer until the meat is tender and can be pulled apart easily (about 1 ½ hour).
Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F. Strain the beef mixture over a medium bowl. Transfer the meat and any other solids to a medium bowl and break the beef into small pieces. Mix the shredded beef with half of the shredded cheeses, cilantro, and jalapenos.
Spread about a ¾ cup of the sauce in the bottom of a 9×13 inch baking dish. Microwave the tortillas according to package directions to soften. Spread about 1/3 cup of the beef mixture down the center of each tortilla.
Roll up tightly, and place seam-side down into the baking dish. Pour the remaining sauce evenly over the enchiladas. Sprinkle the remaining cheeses over the enchiladas. Cover the baking dish with foil.
Place into the oven and bake for 25 minutes. After 25 minutes, remove the foil and continue to bake until the cheese browns slightly (5-10 minutes).